Understanding vinyl cartridges

In the world of vinyl record players, the phono cartridge, also known as the "needle" or the "diamond," is the unsung hero of the setup.
But what exactly are these crucial components, and how do they work their magic to bring music to life?

What is a phono cartridge?

Vinyl cartridges are small devices that house the stylus, which is the part that makes contact with the grooves of a vinyl record. This stylus, often tipped with a diamond, reads the grooves as the record spins, translating the physical movements into electrical signals. These signals are then amplified and converted back into sound by your audio system, allowing you to enjoy your favourite tunes with that warm, nostalgic vinyl sound.

For more information, you can read our “What makes a cartridge good?”
article.

Why is a cartridge called a diamond?

The term "diamond" is often used in reference to phono cartridges because the stylus tip—the part that makes contact with the grooves of a vinyl record—is typically made from diamond. This is due to the diamond's exceptional hardness and durability, which allow it to maintain its sharpness and shape over time. A durable, sharp stylus is essential for accurately tracing the tiny grooves of vinyl records without causing undue wear.

Not all diamonds used in phono cartridges are the same. Differences in quality, tip shape (e.g., conical, elliptical, Shibata), and manufacturing precision can significantly impact performance. Higher-end cartridges often feature more refined diamond shapes that better trace intricate groove details, leading to improved sound fidelity, reduced distortion, and enhanced tracking ability. These characteristics make diamonds indispensable in achieving high-quality audio playback.

Differences between DJ and Hifi cartridges

While all cartridges serve the same basic function,
there are notable differences between DJ and HiFi cartridges.

The turntable needle for DJs are designed for durability and performance under rigorous conditions. They typically feature a more robust construction to withstand the demands of scratching,
back-cueing, and other techniques employed by DJs.
Additionally, DJ cartridges often have higher tracking forces to maintain stability during intense mixing sessions.

HiFi cartridges prioritize accuracy and fidelity. They are engineered to extract the finest details from the record grooves, delivering a pristine audio experience with minimal distortion. HiFi cartridges typically utilize lighter tracking forces to prevent excessive wear on the vinyl and stylus, preserving the integrity of your precious record collection. Choosing the right cartridge, adapted to your application and turntable is key.

Ready to elevate your vinyl listening experience?

Upgrading your record player needle can reveal new details and depth in your music, uncovering sounds you've never noticed before. Discover Ortofon's range of premium cartridges, crafted to meet the needs of audiophiles and DJs alike.